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Arterial and Lymphatic Supply of Gall Bladder
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Physiology of Gall Bladder.
The gall-bladder is pear shaped, 7.5 to 12.5 cm long, with a capacity
of about 50 ml, but capable of fifty-fold distension.
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The anatomical
subdivisions are, a fundus, a body, and a neck which terminates in the
narrow infundibulum.
The angulated
distal part of the neck forms a pouch, called Hartmann’s pouch, a
common site for a solitary gall-stone to lodge.
The muscle
fibers in the wall of the gall-bladder are arranged in a criss-cross
manner, being particularly well developed in the neck.
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The mucous
membrane contains indentations of the mucosa that sink into the muscle
coat - these are the crypts of Luschka.
The cystic
duct is about 2.5 cm in length. Internal projections of circular
muscle fibers account for the spiral valve of Heister, which makes the
passage of calculi difficult.
The common
hepatic duct is usually less than 2.5 cm long, and is formed by the
union of the right and left hepatic ducts.
The common
bile duct, about 7.5 cm long, is formed by the junction of the cystic
and the common hepatic ducts.
It is
divided into four parts:
- The
supraduodenal portion, about 2.5 cm long, runs in the free edge of the
lesser omentum.
- The
retroduodenal portion.
- The
infraduodenal portion lying in a groove, but at times in a tunnel in
the posterior surface of the pancreas.
- The
intraduodenal portion passes obliquely through the wall of the second
part of the duodenum and is surrounded by the sphincter of Oddi and
then forms an ampulla (Vater) before terminating with an opening on
the summit of the duodenal papilla.
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Gall Bladder Pathology Online ;
Pancreatic Pathology Online
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GI Path Online
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Case Index.
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