Appendicitis associated with presence of Schistosoma haematobium eggs: an unusual pathology for Europe. Report of three cases.APMIS. 2006 Jan;114(1):72-6.

Three cases of appendicitis associated with presence of Schistosoma haematobium eggs in the appendix tissue are reported. The patients (two males and one female) were all from Ghana and had immigrated to Italy a few years previously. It is difficult to attribute the cause of the appendicitis to the parasite; it is more probable that the appendicular location of the eggs occurred accidentally many years earlier in an endemic zone of the country of origin, and that recently bacterial agents were able to provoke the present appendicitis. Since it is probable that with the increase in the number of immigrants to Europe from endemic countries (sub-Saharan Africa in particular) other similar cases may occur, it is important that the surgeon and the pathologist be aware of this pathology, which has so far been considered unusual.

Appendicitis and infections of the appendix. Semin Diagn Pathol. 2004 May;21(2):86-97.

The pathologic spectrum of the acutely inflamed appendix encompasses a wide range of infectious and noninfectious entities. The appendix suffers alone in some of these disorders, and in others may be involved through extension from other areas of the gastrointestinal tract. Although the appendix is the most commonly resected and examined intraabdominal organ, the pathogenesis and etiology of acute nonspecific appendicitis (the most common diagnosis made in this organ) remains enigmatic. This review encompasses the pathology, pathogenesis, and bacteriology of acute appendicitis, as well as controversial issues such as the diagnosis of chronic appendicitis and the significance of a morphologically unremarkable appendectomy specimen in the clinical context of appendicitis. In addition, the pathologic features, pertinent diagnostic techniques, and clinical significance of several specific bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic infections affecting the appendix are presented, including adenovirus, cytomegalovirus, Yersinia species, actinomycosis, Mycobacteria species, histoplasmosis, pinworms, schistosomiasis, and Strongyloides stercoralis.